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at the same time, both of which have the same state transition diagram.8. Record time stampsThe timestamp options that are received by the Tcp_input processing are given below.If the received message segment has a timestamp, the timestamp value is saved in the variable.9.RST processingThe switch statement that handles the RST flag is given below, depending on the current connection state.1.SYN_RCVD state, the socket error code is set to econnrefused, close the socket.
the address of the remote host itself, the destination address is the IP address of the mobile host, in short, it is considered that the mobile host in the attribution network. In essence, it's the attribution agent. Using ARP proxy technology to use the attribution physical address to receive the data frame grouping on the link layer and then forward the packet to the field network where the mobile host resides.B. When sending information from a mob
state when the fin is processed, it means that both ends of the connection are closed simultaneously---the two fin sent at both ends is interleaved across the network. The connection enters the closing state. 4.fin_wait_2 status. Receiving fin will bring the connection into the TIME_WAIT state. When the Fin_wait_1 state receives a segment with an ACK and fin, although the connection is transferred directly from Fin_wait_1 to the TIME_WAIT state, the connection actually enters the fin_wait_2 sta
currently defined. The first two options are single-byte options, and the others are multi-byte options.
The 1st column shows the net/3 option constant. The 2nd column and the 3rd column are the decimal and binary values of this type, and the 4th column is the length of the option. The net/3 column displays the options implemented by ip_dooptions in net3. The IP address must automatically ignore all options that it does not recognize. Among them, sec
One day, when I was restricted by many secular rules and could not do what many normal people could do, I suddenly felt: people should not have come to this world! Since we fell into the ground, we have been destined to suffer a lot in our life... There is always no proper balance between breaking rules and conforming rules. I will still choose to stick to the rules when I think that fox, the female killer in the movie "Assassin's League" (also known as the wanted order), will eventually end the
The TCP/IP detailed Volume 2 describes the TCP/IP stack source code for 4.4bsd-lite (a release of the BSD operating system released in 1994), which is followed by a number of implementations of the network protocol Stacks for UNIX
publishes the PRU_CONNECT2 request.8. For UDP sockets, there are two scenarios in which Pru_disconnect requests are generated:A. When a UDP socket on a connection is closed, Pru_disconnect is called before Pru_detach.10. Call cannot write function, publish Pru_send request, final call Udp_output send the datagram.12.PRU_SOCKADDR and PRU_PEERADDR request allocations from system calls GetSockName and Getpeername.9.udp_sysctl functionThe SYSCTL function of UDP only supports one option, UDP check a
is the same as the IP header check.The Federated Icmp_hun (First Union) and Icmp_dun (data Federation) access multiple ICMP messages according to Icmp_type and Icmp_code. Each ICMP message is usedIcmphun; only a subset of the messages use Icmp_dun. Fields that are not used must be set to 0.The ICMP packets are encapsulated in the IP datagram.PROTOSW Structure of 2
Recently, we are looking at the TCP/IP BSD implementation. The first is its storage management, mainly through the structure of mbuf to manage the cache. After reading a part of the data, I think the design is very good. I split the big data into small pieces of storage, which makes it easy to write and recycle the pool. When I was writing a Streaming Media Server, I had been worried about the large memory
First mark an error, domain.h the book in the Netinet directory, but my this is under the Sys.All domain forms linked lists, which are indicated by the global variable domainsstruct domain {int dom_family;/* af_xxx */char *dom_name;void (*dom_init)//Initialize domain data structures */__p ((void));Int (*dom_externalize)/* externalize access rights */__p ((struct mbuf *));Int (*dom_dispose)/* Dispose of internalized rights */__p ((struct mbuf *));struct PROTOSW *dom_protosw, *DOM_PROTOSWNPROTOSW;
type of protocol.
2. If Pr_atomic,sosend is not set to transmit a mbuf of a stored message each time, it may transmit some mbuf to the protocol layer to prevent exceeding the upper limit,
Sock_stream class protocols such as TCP and Sock_seqpacket class protocols are used in TP4.
When a message is too large to have enough cache, the protocol allows the message to be divided into multiple segments, but Sosen
IGMP communicates group membership information between hosts and routers on the local network, and routers periodically multicast IGMP queries to all host groups. Host multicast IGMP reporting messagesIn response to the query.From an architectural standpoint, IGMP is the Transport layer protocol located above IP. It has a protocol number (2), and its message is hosted by an
IP: Internet Protocol
Unreliable: IP datagram cannot be successfully delivered to the destination, and only the best transmission service is provided.
No connection: the IP address does not maintain any status information about subsequent datagram. The processing of each datagram is independent of each other.
IP Heade
address select the next hop IP address (also be a routing device or virtual routing device or destination address), through the ARP protocol to get to the next hop MAC address, modify the packet, The destination MAC address is set to this address, which is thrown to the link layer and sent out by the link layer. Router Isolated broadcast domain
The transport layer, including the TCP protocol, is the UDP
TCP/IP protocolDanbo 2015-7-2This article for reference TCP/IP detailed volume one, some knowledge points added to the author's own understanding, if there are errors, please correct me, you can contact me Weibo!The TCP packet for
processing is: When TCP performs an active shutdown, and then returns the last ACK, the connection must stay in the TIME_WAIT state for twice times the MSL time. Stayed 2MSL time results:
1) Allow TCP to send the final ACK again in case the ACK is lost (the other end times out and the last fin is sent again).
2) During 2MSL Wait, the client
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